Step-by-step guides and SOPs for cannabis and hemp extraction methods including BHO, ethanol, CO2, and solventless techniques.

Cannabis Pesticide Remediation: Which Media Removes What and Why

Cannabis pesticide remediation removes chemical residues from contaminated extracts using targeted adsorption: activated carbon grabs nonpolar organics like myclobutanil (log P 2.89) and bifenazate (log P 3.40) through van der Waals attraction in micropores sized 8-20 angstroms. Bentonite clay captures polar and cationic pesticides like daminozide (log P -0.29) through ion exchange at interlayer sites. [...]

By |2026-06-30T18:54:21+00:00May 16th, 2026|Extraction Techniques|Comments Off on Cannabis Pesticide Remediation: Which Media Removes What and Why
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Acid Catalyst Comparison for CBD Isomerization: BF3, pTSA, CSA, H2SO4 and More

The Short Answer The catalyst you choose determines which cannabinoid you make, how fast you make it, and how much cleanup you need afterward. BF3 etherate pushes CBD toward delta-9-THC with 70-85% conversion in 1-3 hours at 60-80C (in toluene; never in DCM which boils at 40C). pTSA and CSA favor delta-8-THC through a longer [...]

By |2026-09-01T00:59:36+00:00May 14th, 2026|Cannabis Chemistry, Extraction Techniques|Comments Off on Acid Catalyst Comparison for CBD Isomerization: BF3, pTSA, CSA, H2SO4 and More
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Cannabis Crude Oil Degumming: The Complete Guide to Removing Phospholipids Before Distillation

What is degumming in cannabis processing? Degumming is the step that removes phospholipids and related polar lipids from crude cannabis oil before distillation. If winterized crude still darkens hard in the still, leaves stubborn residue on hot surfaces, or produces a distillate that tastes flatter than it should, degumming is usually the missing step. Most [...]

By |2026-05-20T10:01:29+00:00May 3rd, 2026|Extraction Techniques, Lab Techniques, Post-Processing|Comments Off on Cannabis Crude Oil Degumming: The Complete Guide to Removing Phospholipids Before Distillation
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How to Make Bubble Hash: Ice Water Extraction From Start to Finish

Bubble hash is the simplest extraction method in cannabis. No solvents, no closed loops, no C1D1 rooms. Just ice, water, agitation, and gravity. Trichome heads are denser than water, and cold makes them brittle enough to snap off the plant material. Everything else is technique. If you run into flavor problems downstream, our concentrate troubleshooting [...]

By |2026-07-21T20:46:32+00:00April 22nd, 2026|Extraction Techniques, Lab Techniques|Comments Off on How to Make Bubble Hash: Ice Water Extraction From Start to Finish
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Short Path Distillation Cannabis: Complete Setup and SOP Guide

Short Path Distillation Is the Bottleneck Nobody Talks About Every extraction lab hits the same wall. You pull clean crude, winterize it properly, degas it in the vacuum oven, and then you sit down at the short path and watch 6 hours of your life disappear into a boiling flask. Short path distillation is the [...]

By |2026-09-04T00:09:30+00:00April 20th, 2026|Post-Processing, Extraction Techniques, Lab Techniques|Comments Off on Short Path Distillation Cannabis: Complete Setup and SOP Guide
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Cannabis Extraction Lab Safety Equipment: The Complete Compliance Checklist

Safety equipment extraction lab compliance starts here. For how federal reclassification affects lab compliance requirements, see our Schedule III analysis. What does a cannabis extraction lab actually need? A compliant facility requires, at minimum: a classified electrical system (C1D1 or C1D2), continuous LEL gas detection with an alarm set at no greater than 25 percent [...]

By |2026-08-17T20:34:25+00:00April 2nd, 2026|Cannabis Safety, Extraction Techniques, Lab Techniques|Comments Off on Cannabis Extraction Lab Safety Equipment: The Complete Compliance Checklist
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How to Press Rosin from Flower: Complete SOP for Maximum Yield

What Is Flower Rosin? Flower rosin is a solventless cannabis concentrate made by applying heat and pressure to dried cannabis flower. No butane, no ethanol, no CO2. Just mechanical force and controlled temperature squeezing cannabinoids and terpenes out of the trichome heads and onto parchment paper. The result is a golden, terpene-rich extract that preserves [...]

By |2026-09-04T00:07:48+00:00April 1st, 2026|Extraction Techniques|Comments Off on How to Press Rosin from Flower: Complete SOP for Maximum Yield
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How to Make RSO (Rick Simpson Oil): Complete Extraction Guide

RSO oil, also known as Rick Simpson Oil, is a full-spectrum cannabis extract made by dissolving dried flower in 190-proof ethanol at a 750 mL per ounce ratio (roughly 3 cups per ounce of flower). The traditional Rick Simpson method used 1 gallon per ounce, but that volume of ethanol creates unnecessary fire risk during [...]

By |2026-08-17T18:53:43+00:00March 30th, 2026|Cannabis Education, Extraction Techniques|Comments Off on How to Make RSO (Rick Simpson Oil): Complete Extraction Guide
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Cannabis Winterization: The Complete Guide to Dewaxing Extracts for Maximum Purity

What Is Winterization and Why Does It Matter? Cannabis winterization is the cold-ethanol purification step that removes fats, waxes, and lipids from crude extract. Standard protocol: dissolve crude in 190-proof ethanol at a 10:1 solvent ratio (minimum), chill to -20°C minimum (-40°C to -80°C for high-wax BHO crude), hold 12 to 24 hours, then vacuum-filter [...]

By |2026-08-05T21:22:54+00:00March 29th, 2026|Extraction Techniques, Lab Techniques, Post-Processing|Comments Off on Cannabis Winterization: The Complete Guide to Dewaxing Extracts for Maximum Purity
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How to Make THCA Flower from Hemp: Chemistry, Compliance, and the Regulatory Clock

The conversation around THCA flower has been dominated by compliance anxiety for so long that the actual science barely gets airtime anymore. I find that frustrating. Not because compliance is unimportant, it is critically important right now, but because operators who do not understand the chemistry underneath the product are going to get crushed when [...]

By |2026-06-25T18:35:05+00:00March 27th, 2026|Cannabis Chemistry, Cannabis Education, Extraction Techniques, Post-Processing|Comments Off on How to Make THCA Flower from Hemp: Chemistry, Compliance, and the Regulatory Clock
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